# DC2021-06-0020 — Biomass and Biofuels Safety, Health and Environment Code of Practice **Department Circular No. DC2021-06-0020** Signed: 11 June 2021 | Secretary Alfonso G. Cusi Effectivity: 15 days following publication in the Official Gazette or two newspapers of general circulation Legal basis: Rule 2, Section 8 of DC2012-11-0009 (RESHERR — Renewable Energy Safety, Health and Environment Rules and Regulations) **Note:** This sub-code differs structurally from the Geothermal, Hydropower, Solar, and Wind SHE codes. It does not include a pre-development/exploration stage section. Section V covers Biomass Facilities (industrial operations) and Section VI covers Biofuel Facilities, with closing clauses at Sections VII–X (rather than VI–IX in other sub-codes). --- ## GENERAL PROVISIONS ### Section I. Safety, Health and Environment Policy Statement 1. It shall be the primary responsibility of the Employer to provide a safe workplace while protecting the health of the Workers and the surrounding environment. Safety, health and environmental concerns must be thoroughly integrated in the Employer's management policy. 2. The Employer, as a matter of policy, shall: - a. Issue a general safety, health and environment policy statement in writing in accordance with Rule 3, Section 9 of RESHERR; - b. Give importance to the safety, health, and environmental aspect of their operation by creating a safety, health and environment committee under the direct supervision of top management; - c. Establish a system to implement and monitor compliance of their contractors and sub-contractors to safety, health and environmental policy and related requirements; - d. Implement programs with corresponding budget allocation to ensure that relevant government safety, health and environmental rules, regulations and codes are complied with; and - e. Establish an Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Management Plan to address any incident that may pose serious and imminent danger to the Workers, the environment and the community. ### Section II. Definition of Terms Terms and expressions generally defined in other existing regulations or in the Occupational Safety and Health Standards (OSHS) shall have the same meaning in this Department Circular. Key definitions specific to this issuance: 1. **Authorized Personnel** — A Worker who has been trained and/or licensed/certified to do the task, as duly authorized by the Employer. 2. **Bureau** — Renewable Energy Management Bureau (REMB) of the Department of Energy. 3. **Confined Space** — Any area that has hazardous atmosphere, with restricted means for entry and exit and/or not designated for continuous worker occupancy. 4. **Employer** — The principal employer, service/operating contractor referred to in a RE Service/Operating Contract, and other contractors or subcontractors, engaged in RE Operations, natural or juridical, whether acting alone or in consortium with others. 5. **Environment** — Workplace Environmental Measurement as provided for in OSHS. 6. **Procedure** — A formal step-by-step instruction describing how a specific task or work activity should be done. 7. **Program** — A plan under which action may be taken toward a goal. 8. **SDS (Safety Data Sheet)** — Provides workers and emergency personnel with procedures for handling or working with a substance in a safe manner, including physical data, toxicity, health effects, first aid, reactivity, storage, disposal, protective equipment, and spill-handling procedures. 9. **Standard** — Specifications or guidelines on how things should be done. 10. **System** — An organized scheme of how things are done; includes procedures, policies describing how an organization works. 11. **Worker** — Any member of the labor force, regardless of employment status. --- ## Section III. Safety, Health and Environment Practices The Employer is required to formulate and implement a Safety and Health Program consonant with RA No. 11058. The SHE Program shall include the following safety measures: ### A. General Safety **1. Office Safety** — Office maintenance and housekeeping program per Section III.A.3; prohibit horseplay; only Authorized Personnel to operate equipment; shut off electrical equipment when not in use; smoking in designated areas only; ergonomics program in place. **2. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)** — Employer shall have a PPE program; provide adequate PPE at no cost to Workers meeting at least OSHS requirements or applicable industry standards (ANSI, ASTM, etc.); Workers trained on selection (fit-test), use, storage, and maintenance; all workplaces requiring PPE identified; adequate signs/warnings posted; PPE inspected regularly and properly maintained; defective/damaged PPE use prohibited. Specific PPE: **hard hat** in designated areas; **eye protection** for chemical handling and dust/impact areas; **face shields** for flying particles and hot solutions; **hearing protection** at ≥85 dB for 8-hour exposure; **respiratory protection** for airborne contaminants; **gloves** for toxic materials and energized electrical circuit work; appropriate PPE for hot works; **full body harness and/or lifelines** for work at heights ≥6 feet (2 meters) or in confined spaces; **safety shoes** as required. **3. Housekeeping** — Procedures covering: passageways and aisles (ingress/egress); domestic and process waste management; storage and stacking of materials/tools/equipment; signage (directional/instructional); barricades and zoning; building and ground maintenance; pest and rodent control; control for stray animals. **4. Safety Signage** — Posted in prominent positions at strategic locations in a language understandable to all, per RA No. 11058 and its IRR. **5. Duties and Responsibilities of a Safety Officer** — Shall: (a) oversee overall management of SHE program; (b) frequently monitor and inspect SHE aspects with supervisors and workers; (c) assist government inspectors during SHE inspection and accident investigation; (d) issue work stoppage orders when necessary per OSHS requirements. **6. Safety Orientation** — All visitors and contractors must complete a site-specific safety induction to be aware of all safety rules, regulations, and emergency procedures. **7. Buddy System** — Required for high-risk activities including: working at heights; working with electricity; working in confined spaces; working with hazardous substances and equipment; working with materials at great pressure; working with the public where there is potential for violence; working with various kinds of terrain; and working with bodies of water. Lone workers must have an assigned buddy who: is fully aware of the lone worker's movements; has all necessary contact details; has details of known breaks or rest periods; attempts to contact the lone worker if not contacted as agreed; follows agreed escalation procedures; has contingency arrangements if the assigned buddy is unavailable. **8. Worker Training** — Employers shall ensure Workers attend fit-for-purpose safety training (may be conducted by Safety Officer, DOLE-accredited Safety Training Organizations, Safety Practitioners, or Safety Consultants). TESDA training and certifications required for special kinds of works. ### B. Safety, Health and Environment Plan - a. Prior to work, Employer shall submit a SHE Plan duly signed by the Project Manager and specific to the project; - b. SHE Plan shall comply with applicable laws, decrees, administrative rules and regulations, relevant Employer policy, operating procedures, and relevant best practices; - c. Employer shall not start work without a SHE Plan accepted by local authorities where required; - d. Prior to starting work, all Workers shall participate in a SHE orientation with a designated Employer representative; and - e. Prior to any work, Employer shall perform a **Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)** — communicated to and signed by all Workers at daily pre-task toolbox meeting. ### C. Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Management - a. Develop site-specific emergency preparedness and disaster management plans; - b. Provide necessary human, equipment, and material resources; - c. Communicate plans to Workers, contractors, communities, regulatory agencies, and stakeholders; coordinate with outside authorities; - d. Plan and conduct periodic emergency and evacuation drills; - e. Review and revise emergency plans after drills or actual emergencies; share best practices; - f. Align and integrate emergency plans with business planning; and - g. Implement site-specific plans with urgency to ensure safety of people and prevent loss of life and property. ### D. Safety and Health Communication Program May include: monthly safety meetings; Safety and Health Bulletin Boards; safety posters, announcements, and materials; Company intranet and Safety and Health webpage; Safety and Health Performance Awards; Lessons Learned Bulletins and First Alerts; contests; and surveys and questionnaires. ### E. Incident Reporting and Investigation - a. Report to Bureau and DOLE Regional Office in writing of all accidents, fatality, and results of Lost Time Accident investigations per RESHERR Rule 4 Section 14; - b. **Immediate notification** (fastest available means, within **24 hours**) for: fatal accidents; hospitalization of 3 or more persons; accidental detonation of explosives; explosion or blowout; accidental/over-exposure to ionizing radiation; accidental exposure to IDLH levels of toxic substances; property damages amounting to **PhP 1,000,000**; - c. Investigate incidents (including near misses) by Authorized Personnel; and - d. Identify and implement corrective actions and continual improvement opportunities. ### F. Workplace Monitoring and Control **1. H2S Safety** — H2S monitoring and control program; only trained personnel in potential H2S exposure areas; evaluate each job for H2S hazard; regular monitoring by Authorized Personnel; warning signs; immediate reporting; **buddy system is a MUST** in areas suspected to have high H2S; wind direction monitored (flags or windsocks); H2S IEC program; emergency procedures for accidental discharge; SCBA used by Authorized Personnel when responding to H2S release. **2. Permissible Noise Exposure** — Hearing conservation program; comply with noise exposure threshold under OSHS. **3. Illumination** — Skylights and windows for uniform daylight; all occupied offices and buildings illuminated per OSHS; automatic emergency lighting per Philippine Building Code and Fire Code; adequate ground lighting. **4. General Ventilation** — Suitable atmospheric conditions; natural and/or artificial ventilation; minimize process-related airborne hazards at the source. **5. Extreme Temperature** — Appropriate PPE for Workers exposed to extreme temperature; re-evaluation of facilities for redesign or engineering control; risk assessment. **6. Radiation** — Potential electro-magnetic radiation sources (switchyards, high voltage power lines, transformers) identified and isolated (fenced); radiographic testing covered by permit and signage; Restricted/High Hazard area designation; personal dosimeters (TLD and direct reading dosimeters) worn by radiographers; work conducted when minimum Workers in vicinity; vessels/pipes adequately drained before tests. ### G. Lock-Out, Tag-Out and Try Out (LOTOTO) Procedures All LOTOTO covered by work permit system; only Authorized Personnel; notify all affected Workers; identify energy type and magnitude; shut down using normal stopping procedure; apply individual lock(s) and tag(s); block, brake, and secure all equipment; drain/vent/ground all stored energy to zero-energy state; test operating controls to verify machine will not operate; notify Workers of lockout status; after servicing: check area clear, remove tools, reinstall guards, remove lockout/tagout devices, restore energy, notify Workers. Lock-out and tag-out devices shall not be used for other purposes. ### H. Electrical Works Requirements All electrical works covered by work permit system; all electrical systems per latest Philippine Electrical Code; only Electrical Practitioner authorized by Employer per RA No. 7920; buddy system for all electrical works at 120V and above; workers remove all metal jewelry; required clearances per Philippine Electrical Code; materials, tools, and equipment inspected before and after use; electrical tools and equipment properly guarded and grounded; inspection and maintenance program; no circuits energized without supervisor clearance; LOTOTO per Section III.G; proper marking; first aid and emergency response team available; hazardous electrical wastes properly managed; electrical safety training required. ### I. Demolition Requirements Pre-demolition: appoint Authorized Personnel with demolition experience in writing; obtain and examine original drawings; decide method in consultation with Workers; shut off and disconnect all utility services outside demolition line; tanks, vessels, and pipelines completely disconnected; protect adjacent structures; barricades with "Danger - Demolition in Progress" signs; traffic management plans; notify supervisor before demolishing structures with asbestos or PCB-containing equipment. Demolition execution: safe access/egress at all times; remove nails from timber; all glass removed before structural demolition; steel construction demolished column length by column length; members being cut chained or lashed in place; no welding or hot cutting on tanks/vessels/pipes that contained explosive/flammable material until cleared; mechanical equipment with wire mesh guards; continuing inspections for weakened floors, unsupported walls, loose material. ### J. Working in Confined Spaces Procedures Confined space entry: assessed and approved by Authorized Personnel; work permit system; space properly isolated; gas-tested in order: (a) Oxygen Content (19.5–23.5%); (b) Combustibles (LEL < 10%); (c) Toxic Gases (H2S < 10 ppm, CO < 25 ppm). Atmosphere continuously monitored; approved breathing apparatus and PPE; watcher available with breathing apparatus; one Attendant per entry point; at least one Worker with personal multi-gas monitor; Emergency Response Team in place where necessary; all Workers trained in confined space entry; no smoking/open flames until fire/explosion risks eliminated; unattended manholes/openings barricaded; other applicable procedures per DOLE Safety in Confined Space Manual. ### K. Work Permit System Procedures Required for: (a) Electrical and Mechanical LOTOTO; (b) Confined Space Entry; (c) Hot Work; (d) Excavation; (e) Hazardous Materials Handling; (f) Work at Heights; (g) Critical Lifts; (h) Radiation; (i) Blasting; (j) Demolition; (k) Bypassing Critical Protection; (l) Simultaneous Operation; and (m) Any activity with significant potential for injury or environmental incident. Permit minimum content: Permit Number; Authorized permit Requestor and Issuer/Approver; Date of Issue; Work Methodology and Description; Period of Validity; Work Precaution Checklist; Protective Measure Checklist; Work Party Acceptance; Emergency Response/Equipment; Environment Monitoring; Job Hazard Analysis and Control; Work Carry Over; and Sign Off (Closing). Control for issuance and recording; permits posted in work area; work stopped immediately if permit conditions violated; Workers trained on application procedures; periodic safety audit. ### L. Hazardous Materials Handling and Storage All toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes managed per RA No. 6969; SDS readily available and communicated; register on site detailing movement, storage, use, and disposal of all hazardous materials; chemicals stored per SDS requirements with consideration of chemical compatibility; appropriate PPE as prescribed; all exposed Workers given immediate proper medical attention. ### M. Compressed Gas Handling and Storage Gas cylinders chained/supported upright in secured, well-ventilated areas; cylinder cap installed when not in use or being moved; cylinders labeled and secured per applicable standards; hoses, gas regulators, and accessories regularly inspected; appropriate shut-off tool/spanner readily available; flashback arresters always installed; compressed gas cylinders prohibited inside confined spaces; appropriate handling equipment when transferring cylinders. ### N. Flammable Liquids Handling, Storage, Labelling and Disposal Stored, labeled, handled, and disposed per SDS recommendations and applicable OSHS/DENR standards; approved safety pumps when transferring liquids; appropriate safety containers for transport; adequate fire control and fire-fighting equipment; shall not be discharged into sewers, drainage, canals, or natural waterways; empty flammable containers disposed per manufacturer's instructions; hauling per DENR Standards. ### O. Explosives Storage, Use and Transportation Government laws on use, storage, and transportation strictly observed; manufacturer's instructions followed; blasting machines disconnected from firing circuit before and after charge is fired; only certified blasters or those under direct supervision shall handle/prepare/load/fire explosives; transported per applicable regulations with security escort; theft or loss immediately reported; warning signs 1000 feet (304.8 meters) from blasting area; all access points guarded until "ALL CLEAR"; explosives stored in magazines per regulatory standard; dynamites separated from blasting caps/fuses when stored/transported; only Authorized Personnel handle explosives; military escorts during transport. ### P. Warehouse Safety Well-ventilated and well-lighted per latest Philippine Electrical Code, DOE Manual of Practice on Efficient Lighting, and IIEE Manual for LEED Compliant Lighting System Design; fire sprinkler system per National Building Code if provided; adequate fire extinguisher at strategic places; adequate clearance between stocks/wall and between aisles; enough space for material handling equipment; materials in open areas protected from weather; eyewash stations available and regularly maintained; shelves labeled to indicate their capacity. ### Q. Ladder Safety 22 requirements: inspect before and after use; maintain free of slipping hazards; do not load beyond manufacturer's rated capacity; use only for designed purpose on stable/level surfaces; secure in passageways/doorways; non-conductive side rails near energized equipment; **3-point contact** when climbing/descending; do not carry objects causing loss of balance; fixed ladders ≥24 feet (7.32 meters) equipped with safety devices or self-retracting lifelines and rest platforms; immediately tag defective ladders "DO NOT USE"; never move "walking" while on a ladder; allow only one Worker at a time; never leave raised ladders unattended; always work within arm's reach; shoes free of mud/grease; free areas around top and base from tripping hazards. ### R. Lightning Protection Lightning protection system installed in project structures and lifting equipment; installed by trained and qualified lightning protection specialists; comply with NFPA/latest Philippine Electrical Code; other electrical works per Section III.H; required PPE per Section III.A.2. ### S. Facility Improvement Works **1. Excavation and Filling Works** — Work permit system; only Authorized Personnel to supervise; Civil Engineer or qualified professional for soil type analysis; protective systems for excavations ≥4.9 feet (1.5 meters) designed by Civil Engineer; locate underground utilities by hand before mechanical excavators; proper barricading; spoils kept ≥3.3 feet (1 meter) from edge; confined space entry permit for excavations/trenches deeper than 3.9 feet (1.2 meters); H2S monitoring in prone areas. **2. Concreting and Structural Works** — Work permit system; only Authorized Personnel to supervise; standard scaffoldings (DOLE DO 128-13) and full body harness at heights; lifting and rigging per OSHS. **3. Road Works / Earth Moving** — Only Authorized Personnel to supervise and operate equipment; traffic management plans; heavy equipment shall have spotter; proper barricading. **4. Piping and Insulation Works** — Only Authorized Personnel to supervise and conduct; covered by work permit system; coded piping works shall have detailed and approved safe work procedures; wastes properly disposed per environmental regulations. **5. Hot Works** — Covered by work permit system; Fire Watch assigned; hot work area gas tested (flammable atmosphere < 10% LEL before work); combustible/flammable materials removed or covered with fire-retardant blankets; floors kept clean. **6. Mechanical and Equipment Installation** — Mechanical Engineers to supervise per RA 8495 Articles IV, §§33–35; permit to install and permit to operate from DOLE Technical Safety Inspection; covered by work permit system; appropriate lifting equipment used. ### T. Motor Vehicle and Heavy Equipment Operations Only Authorized Personnel may supervise and operate; valid driving license and mandatory government certifications; operators under influence of liquor/drugs or impairing medication prohibited; all motor vehicles and heavy equipment shall be: provided with basic emergency tools; subjected to pre-use inspection; loaded only up to rated capacity; subjected to scheduled preventive maintenance; equipped with prescribed seat belts; unsafe vehicles removed from service immediately; only Authorized Personnel conduct repairs; vehicles with restricted vision shall not be moved near Workers without a spotter; Journey Management Plan for non-routine trips and high-risk journeys. ### U. Hoist and Lifting Works Operations Only Authorized Personnel supervise and operate; only authorized rigger to direct and guide; operators under influence of liquor/drugs prohibited; all equipment per applicable standards; pre-use inspection; loaded up to rated capacity only; scheduled preventive maintenance; critical lift procedure; load calculations for all critical lifts; one designated spotter; barricade operating area; no Worker to stand beneath any suspended load. ### V. Working at Height and Protection from Falling Objects All structures designed/built to appropriate standards; suitable exclusion zones underneath; Workers trained and competent in all working at height and rescue systems; Workers provided with suitable work-positioning device; hoisting equipment properly rated and maintained; tools at height fitted with lanyard; capture netting where practicable; approved tool bag for raising/lowering; avoid work during poor weather or risk of lightning strikes; emergency rescue plan for Workers stranded at height; required PPE per Section III.A.2. ### W. Fire Hazards, Protection and Control **General objective:** All biomass and biofuel operators shall establish a fire prevention and control program per RA No. 9514 (Fire Code of the Philippines of 2008). **Fire extinguishers:** Monthly inspections; maintained in good operating condition; durable inspection tags; installed in strategic locations; tampering prohibited; hydro testing records per manufacturer's specifications; conform to Fire Code and DAO 2000-18. **Fire hydrants, hoses, and accessories:** Per Fire Code; monthly inspection and testing; firefighting equipment at strategic locations; tampering prohibited. **Firebreaks:** Sufficient length and width; erosion control measures on sloping ground. ### X. Scaffolding Safety Per DOLE DO No. 128-13. **General Requirements:** Erect, move, dismantle, or alter only under supervision of a qualified scaffolder; scaffolds capable of supporting without failure their own weight and at least **4 times the maximum intended load**; scaffold products not mixed unless specifically designed together; scaffold shall never be erected within **10 feet (3 meters)** of power lines; guardrails, midrails, and toeboards on all open sides and ends of platforms ≥6 feet (1.8 meters) above floor; guardrails approximately 42 inches (106.7 cm) with midrail; toeboards 4 inches (10.2 cm); scaffold planks extend 6–12 inches (30.5 cm) over end supports; color-coded tags: green (safe), yellow (special requirements), red (DANGER); scaffold tower not to exceed **4:1 base-to-height ratio** without structural bracing; full body harness when working from suspended scaffold. **Scaffolding components:** Materials in good condition, steel free from rust; foundation capable of supporting 4 times the maximum intended load; timber sills at least 23 cm wide by 3.8 cm thick; screw jacks not adjusted more than two-thirds of total thread length; scaffolds anchored or secured to permanent or rigid structures; longitudinal diagonal bracing at approximately 45°; ties spaced every other lift and every 19.6 feet (6 meters); planks extend not less than 6 inches over end supports; mid rails to withstand 150 lbs force; toeboards at least 4 inches high; scaffolds >19.6 feet (6 meters) in height designed by structural engineer and erected/dismantled by TESDA-certified erectors. **Training:** Competent person must hold COSH Training Certificate from DOLE, TESDA Scaffold Erection Certificate, and have at least 2 years' experience; scaffold erectors must hold One Day Workers Safety Organization certificate from DOLE and TESDA Scaffold Erection National Certificate. ### Y. Machine Shop Safety Only Authorized Personnel may use the machine shop; required appropriate PPE; buddy system; no eating/drinking/smoking; clean floor free of grease/oil; prohibit horseplay and running; no loose jewelry, clothing, long sleeves, ties; long hair tied back; always have eyewash and first aid kit station; post machine user guides and safety manuals. ### Z. Tools, Equipment and Machinery Operations Workers use only authorized tools, equipment, and machines; examine each before use and report damage; all tools/equipment/machines maintained with regular maintenance; operate per manufacturer's instructions; properly grounded before use; iron/steel hand tools — use non-ferrous tools near flammable substances; air supply shut off when pneumatic tools not in use; pointed/sharp tools provided with cover; do not talk to others while they are operating a machine; only one person may operate a machine at a time; tools should not be left unattended; disconnect tools before servicing, cleaning, or changing accessories; electrical hand tools shall not be used in combustible environments without supervisor certification and Hot Work Permit. ### AA. Machine Guarding All moving parts of prime movers, transmission equipment, and dangerous parts of driven machinery shall be effectively guarded; no person shall remove or make ineffective any safeguard unless authorized and machine is stopped for repair; warning signs installed near machine being repaired; guards reinstalled before machine is used; guards shall: provide positive protection; prevent access to danger zone; cause no unnecessary inconvenience; operate automatically or with minimum effort; be suitable for job and machine; not obstruct machine oiling/inspection/adjustment/repair; withstand long use; resist normal wear and shock; be durable, fire and erosion resistant; not constitute a hazard in themselves. All guards securely fastened. ### BB. Biological Safety **General requirements:** All field activities covered by work permit system; required PPE (long pants, long-sleeve shirts, shin guards, heavy high-top shoes or hiking boots, walking sticks); Worker training on safe methods and prevention. **Bees and wasp stings:** Avoid known areas; leave the area if flying insects present (do not swat); avoid sugary foods, drinks, strong fragrances; seek immediate medical attention if stung. **Snake bites:** Ask local residents about snakes; keep eyes on path; do not step over logs or large rocks if unable to see over them; do not kill non-poisonous snakes; never pick up an apparently dead snake with bare hands; if bitten, seek medical assistance immediately; antivenin from RITM. **Leeches:** Wear appropriate protective clothing; rest in spots with direct sunlight. ### CC. Geohazards Requirements Employer shall establish a geohazard assessment team; team shall identify geohazards (landslides, flooding, rockfall) within the contract area; Employer shall initiate mitigating engineering and administrative measures and formulate emergency/contingency plans; team shall meet annually or as needed; all Workers and communities properly informed of major geohazards through illustrations in public places; when geohazard events occur, the Disaster Emergency Preparedness/Contingency Plan and Response Team shall be deployed. --- ## Section IV. Power Plant Facilities ### A. Power Plant Safety All Workers qualified, trained, and oriented on OSH; only Authorized Personnel to conduct repairs and calibration to any plant equipment and instruments; all power plants shall establish work procedures for: start-up and shutdown; emergency; normal and abnormal operation; and operation and maintenance for electrical, mechanical, instrumentation and communication equipment. Procedures shall include hazard identification, analysis, mitigation, and emergency response. All works covered by work permit system. ### B. Control Room Safety Only Authorized Personnel allowed to manipulate control panel knobs, buttons, and switches; air conditioning maintained 24/7; doors always closed to reduce outside air infiltration/cooling loads and H2S contamination; "NO SMOKING" areas; LOTOTO procedure and clearance strictly complied with; automatic/emergency lighting system provided at all access and egress; circuit breaker/panel doors always closed; control and power meter panel to have safety floor markings; emergency button of control panel shall have interlock and cover to prevent accidental force shutdown. ### C. UPS and Battery Bank Room Requirements Only Authorized Personnel allowed to enter; air conditioning at ≤15°C for electronic equipment cooling; door always closed to reduce H2S contamination; battery bank free from leaking solutions; battery room not used as dressing room; exhaust ventilation per PSME Code with spare fan available; DC system readily available when interrupted; eyewash station near battery room; regular check of battery electrolyte and specific gravity; proper handling, storage, and disposal of unserviceable batteries per regulatory requirements. ### D. Equipment Repair and Troubleshooting in Electrical Power Facilities Never execute troubleshooting/repair without permission and coordination with supervisor; always wear electrically rated safety shoes when performing troubleshooting and repair on metallic cable tray; place warning tags ("DE-ENERGIZE") on circuit cut-outs/breakers; insulate all dangling and bare terminals of power conductors immediately after disconnection; de-energize all power line conductors and use voltage detector to ensure line is safe; ensure all electrical tools/equipment are properly insulated for the voltage; conduct insulation resistance testing on conductors/equipment being repaired before re-energization; advise supervisor immediately of any faults, tripping, or hazards observed. --- ## Section V. Biomass Facilities ### A. Feedstock Storage 1. Risk assessments and method statements for the storage of biomass shall have been prepared. 2. Access to biomass storage areas shall be restricted to Authorized Personnel only. 3. Traffic patterns shall be established in biomass storage areas to ensure safe and efficient flow. 4. Sufficient space in biomass storage areas for delivery trucks and heavy equipment to allow safe and efficient access. 5. Biomass storage areas shall have good dust control and proper ventilation. 6. Appropriate stacking limits shall be observed when storing biomass. 7. Capacity of biomass storage areas shall be well-defined and not exceeded. 8. Applicable PPE shall be utilized at all times. 9. Biomass that does not meet quality specifications, or is contaminated and rendered unusable, shall be removed or disposed of per environmental rules and regulations. 10. Efficient monitoring and recording of quantity of biomass entering or leaving storage areas shall be practiced. 11. Appropriate measures shall be taken to mitigate noise, dust concerns, and occurrence of off-site odor. 12. Control measures shall be in place to avoid on-site biomass decomposition. 13. Biomass storage areas shall be clearly signed with warning signs strategically located. 14. Appropriate fire protection systems and/or equipment shall be maintained in biomass storage areas per the Fire Code of the Philippines. 15. In the absence of automatic fire detection systems, there shall be frequent fire watch patrols in biomass storage areas. 16. Whenever possible, storage of biomass in open areas shall be avoided. 17. Biomass exposed to the weather shall be properly managed, controlled, and protected to avoid potential hazards. 18. If open area storage cannot be fully avoided, prevailing winds and proximity of neighboring properties shall be considered. 19. Appropriate covering material shall be provided to biomass stored in open areas when there is a possibility of biomass being carried away by prevailing winds. 20. To avoid contamination, surface run-off from surrounding areas shall be directed away from biomass storage areas. 21. Proper storm-water and surface run-off management practices shall be established in biomass storage areas. 22. Biomass storage capacity should be sufficient and designed for the longest time between deliveries. ### B. Conveyor System 1. Allow only Authorized Personnel to start up, operate, and interrupt normal operation of a conveyor. 2. Make sure all personnel are clear of moving parts before starting the conveyor. 3. Do not operate the conveyor without motor guards in position. 4. Do not wear loose clothing or accessories where such clothing may be caught in moving parts. 5. Maintain good housekeeping in the vicinity of the conveyor at all times. 6. Do not allow operators to carry out repairs or maintenance on the conveyor system while it is moving. ### C. Cooling System 1. Only Authorized Personnel are allowed to enter the vicinity of the cooling tower. Proper PPE shall be observed inside the working areas. 2. Preventive maintenance shall be performed to rid any debris and clean fill sections that are present. ### D. Boiler System 1. Boilers shall be constructed per the standards requirement under Rule 1162 of OSHS 1989. 2. Authorized and trained workers shall only be allowed to operate a boiler under the supervision of qualified personnel (Boiler Supervisor and Registered Engineers). 3. Safety precautions shall be followed when operating boilers, burners, and fuel system. 4. Good housekeeping shall be maintained to promote safety and good plant operation. 5. Wearing of PPE shall be followed at all times. 6. Lockout and tag out procedures must be followed; attach signs to equipment such as "DO NOT START MEN AT WORK." ### E. Power House **1. Steam-Turbine Generator (STG)** - a. Only qualified/trained persons are allowed to work on STG during installation, operation, and maintenance. - b. Installation, repair, and maintenance shall always be per manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. - c. The area around the generator must be clean and free of any combustible material that can be hazardous. - d. The unit shall not be opened or dismantled while functioning; moving or hot parts shall not be tampered with; battery cables shall be disconnected before proceeding to work on the generator to eliminate possibility of accidental start-up. - e. All electrical connections (wires, cables, terminals) must be properly insulated and covered, and shall not be touched with bare hands or while in contact with water — essential to prevent electric shock. - f. The frame of the generator and any external conducting parts shall have proper grounding wiring, which shall never be disconnected. - g. Safety signs and labels shall be installed near the generators. **2. Cooling Tower and Condenser** - a. Only qualified persons shall perform installations and maintenance work. - b. Correct function of all safety devices shall be checked per manufacturer's safety manual. ### F. Switchyard/Substation 1. Only qualified/trained persons are allowed to work on substation/switchyard; such persons shall be capable of working safely on specific voltage, familiar with proper use of precautionary techniques and PPE. 2. Proper clearance from exposed energized parts shall be implemented to avoid accidental contact; switchyard shall have perimeter fence following standard size/clearance. 3. Sufficient illumination for personnel to clearly see surroundings and perform work safely. 4. All passageways shall be wide enough for personnel to navigate safely. 5. All metallic structures, fences, and equipment tanks shall be connected to a station ground grid designed to ensure step and touch potential values are lower than those stipulated in applicable standards. ### G. Pollution Control 1. Disposal of waste such as wastewater, fly, and bottom ash shall adhere to government rules and standards. 2. Emission of flue gas shall be per the Philippine Clean Air Act. 3. Electrostatic precipitator, filters, and smoke stack shall be checked regularly to prevent ash build-up. 4. Sludge and scums shall be disposed properly in drying beds. 5. Proper aeration of lagoon shall always be maintained to prevent foul odor. 6. Trash bins shall be provided for disposal of solid waste. 7. Good practice of waste segregation shall be observed within the plant. ### H. Biogas Systems **1. Digester** - a. Adequate ventilation shall be ensured around gas lines. - b. Gas lines shall be frequently inspected for signs of damage or leak. - c. Gas-tight pipes and valves shall be used to prevent gas leaks, especially in confined areas. - d. Smoking shall be prohibited near the digester or related biogas lines and equipment. - e. H2S safety shall be implemented per Section III.F.1. - f. Frequent gas detection and monitoring shall be conducted to determine dangerous gas levels and detect leaks which may endanger personnel. - g. Access and operation of anaerobic digestion related equipment shall be restricted to Authorized Personnel only. - h. When servicing or repairing biogas equipment and related gas lines, explosion-proof equipment and non-sparking tools shall be utilized. - i. Potential source of sparks or flame shall be identified and removed from areas where biogas is present. - j. Appropriate fire protection systems and/or equipment shall be established in areas where biogas is present. - k. When handling waste material, appropriate precautions shall be exercised using PPE to avoid contact with wastes or manure. - l. Never enter an area or facility where wastes or manure are stored or where there is a suspected biogas leak without wearing appropriate PPE. - m. Adequate lightning protection systems shall be put in place where there is danger of lightning strikes, particularly in areas where biogas is present (digester and gas holder). - n. Smoking and open flames shall be prohibited in the general vicinity of the digester including gas lines. - o. Proper warning signs shall be established on conspicuous places to warn of explosion or fire risk associated with anaerobic digestion systems. - p. Wastes or manure handling systems and storage structures shall be posted with warning signs. - q. Appropriate PPE shall be used when undertaking maintenance, repair, and other related works at anaerobic digestion structures. - r. Safety relief valves shall be installed to prevent over-pressurization of both high and low pressure biogas systems. - s. Spark generating gadgets/devices shall not be allowed inside the biogas facilities premises. **2. Landfill Gas** **a. Gas Extraction, Well Drilling and Construction** - i. Smoking shall not be allowed during drilling of gas extraction wells. - ii. The well hole shall be covered and all pipes shall be capped at the end of the work day. - iii. Open excavations or drill borings shall never be left unattended, unmarked, or unsecured. - iv. An exhaust hood shall be used, if possible, to reduce exposures to landfill gas vapors. - v. H2S safety shall be implemented per Section III.F.1. - vi. Periodic monitoring of dangerous and/or combustible gases shall be conducted when working at gas extraction wells. - vii. Appropriate PPE shall be used (e.g. respirators, breathing apparatus) when lethal concentrations or high levels of dangerous gases and/or combustible gases are detected. **b. Landfill Excavation, Trenching and Pipe Installation** - i. Trenching and excavation safety procedures (fall and other hazards) shall be implemented. - ii. The atmosphere shall be tested in excavations deeper than 3 feet before personnel are allowed to enter; appropriate respirator device shall be used per test results. - iii. Appropriate PPE shall be worn to protect against direct exposure to the excavated waste. - iv. Soil shall be stockpiled near the excavation to smother any combustion that might occur. - v. Electrical motors shall be non-sparking or explosion proof; construction equipment shall have a vertical exhaust at least 5 feet above landfill grade. - vi. Welding shall not be permitted in or near the work area unless it is verified on a continuous basis that methane and other combustible gases are not present. - vii. As pipes are assembled, valves shall be closed to prevent landfill gas migration through the system. - viii. Gluing, bonding, or solvent pipe cleaning shall be performed outside the trench to the fullest extent possible. ### I. Pyrolysis/Gasification System 1. All potential ignition sources shall be avoided. 2. Air inlets and gas outlets to and from the gasifier, including fuel feeding section, flare, and engine, shall be equipped with appropriate anti-backfiring valves. 3. Valves used to ensure a safe mode in case of failure and emergency stop shall be of the fail-safe type. 4. All gas conducting parts shall be properly grounded. 5. Gas/air inlet into engines shall be earth grounded; shielded cables shall be used. 6. Safety shut-off valves shall not be bypassed. 7. Tampering of safety-related devices shall be prohibited. 8. Gas shall be flared at start-up and emergency shutdown, or in the case where valves get stuck. 9. Start-up checks and regular inspection of sensor devices shall be conducted. 10. Gas monitoring shall be strictly maintained, especially in sections with confined spaces. 11. Proper segregation and disposal of liquid influent and solid wastes shall be properly maintained. 12. Proper storage of municipal solid waste (MSW), refuse derived fuel (RDF), or solid recovered fuel (SRF) shall be observed and maintained — these feedstock materials have higher potentials for fire hazards, dust explosion, and toxic gas formation. --- ## Section VI. Biofuel Facilities ### A. Feedstock Storage (CNO, Molasses, Sugarcane, and Other Biomass Feedstock) 1. Roads, pathways, and bay areas shall be paved and clear of obstruction. 2. A maximum speed limit of **8 kph** shall be observed within the plant vicinity. 3. Feedstock shall be stored properly according to its appropriate location. 4. Proper maintenance of storage tanks/warehouse shall be ensured by conducting regular inspection. ### B. Production System (Fermentation, Esterification, Distillation/Dehydration, CO₂ Recovery) 1. "No Smoking" policy within plant vicinity shall be observed. 2. Bringing and using of any electronic devices is strictly prohibited in the bioethanol production plant. 3. Repairs and maintenance within the production area (whether in operation or shutdown) shall secure a permit issued by Safety Officer or authorized personnel. 4. Employees not assigned in the area shall not be permitted to enter unless permitted by in-charge personnel. 5. All employees shall strictly follow plant rules and regulations upon doing any work activities. 6. Electrical fixtures, electrical motors, devices, and installations shall be explosion-proof type. 7. Hot works will only be allowed after air and steam purging are accomplished per established safety procedures. 8. Roofs must be free from holes, cracks, or any form of damage. 9. Mechanical equipment used for production shall be inspected/checked regularly. 10. Hot pipelines and storages shall be leak-free and shall be in good condition. ### C. Wastewater Treatment 1. Effluent parameters shall pass standard requirements and specifications per DAO 2016-08. 2. Conduct regular inspection and sampling to maintain standards set by government requirements; reports shall be made by Safety Officer and Pollution Control Officer. 3. Ensure wastewater effluent is properly inspected by Pollution Officer (oil separator, neutralization, aeration pond, settling pond) to ensure specifications are met. ### D. Storage Tank (Methanol, Denaturant, Finished Product, Glycerine, Hydrous Ethanol) 1. Only authorized and trained personnel are allowed to operate in the area. 2. Valves and faucets of storage tanks for drawing of biofuels shall be inspected regularly for ruptures and leaks. 3. Denaturing shall be monitored under the supervision of authorized/trained personnel. 4. Roads, pathways, and bay areas shall be paved and clear of obstruction. 5. Appropriate grounding systems, lightning, and surge arresters shall be installed. ### E. Loading Bay 1. Loading and unloading shall be conducted only at designated locations. 2. Parking brakes and chokes shall be secured to prevent vehicle motion. 3. Authorized personnel shall be present during the entire time of unloading and loading procedure. 4. Tank truck bond-wire shall be properly connected. ### F. Laboratory 1. All visitors must be accompanied by authorized personnel when entering the laboratory. 2. All chemicals must be properly labelled. 3. Personnel shall know appropriate procedures for emergencies, including location and operation of all emergency equipment installed. 4. Personnel shall be aware of symptoms of overexposure and chemical characteristics (i.e. odor, appearance). 5. Chemicals used for tests and experiments shall not be left unattended. 6. Fume hood shall be used in handling hazardous chemicals. 7. First-aid kit and safety equipment shall be available at all times and be regularly inspected/monitored. 8. Disposal of toxic and hazardous waste shall be per RA 6969. --- ## Section VII. Separability Clause In the event that any provision of this Department Circular or the application of such a provision to any person or circumstance is declared invalid, the remainder of this Department Circular and the application of such a provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected by such declaration. --- ## Section VIII. Resolution of Conflicts and Overlapping Jurisdictions In case any provision of this Department Circular conflicts, duplicates, or overlaps with rules and regulations being implemented by other government agencies, such conflict, duplication, or overlapping shall be resolved by coordination or any other means of cooperation among such agencies. --- ## Section IX. Repealing Clause All biomass/biofuel safety, health and environment rules and regulations, orders, or parts thereof which are inconsistent with or contrary to this Code are hereby repealed, amended, or modified accordingly. --- ## Section X. Effectivity This Department Circular shall take effect fifteen (15) days following its publication in the Official Gazette or in two (2) newspapers of general circulation. Fort Bonifacio, Taguig, Metro Manila Signed: 11 June 2021 | Secretary Alfonso G. Cusi